The illiteracy of the American population in the 1930s through To Kill a Mockingbird - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 716 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Did you like this example? In 2018, the US ranks 14th worldwide in overall education performance (www.masterandmore.com). This is a significant improvement from where we stood back in the early 1900s, particularly in the south. In the 1930s, 3.8% of white Americans, and 19.7% of black Americans from the south could not read or write in any language (NBER.org). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The illiteracy of the American population in the 1930s through To Kill a Mockingbird" essay for you Create order Harper Lee elucidates the illiteracy of the American population in the 1930s through her famous book, To Kill a Mockingbird. Throughout this story, Lee highlights illiteracy in small town Maycomb, Alabama, and its wide-reaching effect on the attitudes and relationships in the community. Early on in the story, it is apparent that education in the town of Maycomb is not held in high regard. If anything it is viewed as unimportant, and actions are taken only because they have to be, not because people believe in them. For one thing, the school board does nothing to keep the Ewells educated whatsoever. â€Å"He’s one of the Ewells, ma’am, Whole school’s full of ‘em. They come first day every year and then leave. The truant lady gets ’em here ‘cause she threatens ’em with the sheriff, but she’s give up tryin’ to hold ‘em. She reckons she’s carried out the law just gettin‘ their names on the roll and runninâ⠂¬â„¢ ‘em here the first day.† (Lee, p. 36). Lee illustrates the town’s viewpoint on education in this scene by showing how the school board does not even try to give the Ewell children an education; instead, they do just enough to get by the law. Furthermore, when Miss Caroline finds out that Jean Louise Finch, who goes by Scout, is already literate, she scolds her, letting her know that her father should not teach her. Miss Caroline wants her students to learn, but she falters when they think for themselves. So while Scout loves to learn, school turned out to be a big disappointment for her. Lee used numerous examples in the book to show how education was not a priority. For instance, Bob Ewell is called as a witness of a court case later in the book. When asked if he was ambidextrous, he responded with â€Å"I most positively am not, I can use one hand good as the other.† His lack of education, and that of the entire Ewell family, is evident throughout the book and is a primary reason for the family being viewe d as the lowliest white family in the town. Although Lee sets the tone for Maycomb’s education as not being important, Lee also describes the education system as bias. It is already clear how racist the town is, but a large reason for this is the education. Maycomb has a social hierarchy where the white men are on top. If the schools teach the same thing repeatedly for years then the future generations will be the same way. However, Scout and Jem see things differently because of Atticus. Atticus said, â€Å"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.† (Lee, p. 39). Atticus has always believed in equality and that is why he defended Tom Robinson, though most of the people in the book do not feel the same way. There was even one time on the playground at the school where â€Å"Cecil Jacobs announced that Scout Finch’s daddy defended negros.† (Lee, p. 99). Even most of the children feel this way because that is how they are being raised, and they do not have anyone in their lives like Atticus to teach them differently. Therefore, there is another racist generation on the rise in Maycomb. Furthermore, Bob Ewell (though not educated), is teaching his children the ways of which he is living currently, and there is a very good chance that they would grow up and be just like their malevolent father. To summarize, the author draws very clear conclusions about the literacy of the 1930s. Lee writes in her book To Kill a Mockingbird, of the illiteracy of the town Maycomb Alabama, and reflects upon all of the southern United States. Through her story, Harper Lee reflects the attitudes and relationships of the people from Maycomb, Alabama, and illustrates how important literacy truly is.

The River From Eden, By Charles Darwin - 1326 Words

One of the most well-known atheists evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins who ----- order to explain the existence of the universe and emergence of life on Earth. Today, many scientist firmly believe that the universe was created approximately when infinitely small and dense point known as singularity started expanding 14 billion years ago. Fine tuned expansion unleashed the beginning of the time and space itself. Our Earth formed some 4 or 5 billion years ago, and the first living single organisms appeared in water roughly 0.5-1.5 billions years after its existence.(35, Theism, Atheism,and Big Bang Cosmology). Over the millions of years they began to evolve from the single celled organism into ultimately the most advanced form of life, human through the process of natural selection. The term was popularized by Charles Darwin in 1859 to explain how animals change to adapt to the environment for survival. Richard Dawkins states in his book â€Å"The River From Eden†, â€Å"Ge netic code is in fact literally identical in all animals, plants, and bacteria that have ever been looked at. All earthly living things are descended from a single ancestor. From a molecular point of, all animals are pretty close relatives of one another and even of plants† (12). Although scientists cannot scientifically explain how or why the â€Å"Big Bang† started, they successfully explain what happens after the â€Å"Big Bang† and how we all came to be. The second approach that explains the beginning of the universeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Creationism vs. Evolution: How did it really happen?1163 Words   |  5 PagesCreationism vs. Evolution: How did it really happen? Ever since 1859 and the publication of On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin1, his first publication of his observations, much debate has come about concerning the issue of how life on earth came to be. Both the Creationists and Evolutionists believe in the Big Bang theory of creation of life; however, the mechanism for the development of new life provides the conflict. Evolutionists believe the cause of life on earth to be accidentalRead MoreThe Individual and Society1616 Words   |  7 Pageswith some thoughts on the paradox of who is the product and who is the producer of the individual and society. EARLY MAN According to Charles Darwin, man developed from the ape. Darwins theory of evolution appears to be unsupported though, because for thousands of years these apes have been there, but none of them have developed into human beings nor did Darwin ever find the missing link. Although unproved, there must be a process of evolution. And if there was evolutionary process, a few of theRead Moreessay on dickins journey to niagra3989 Words   |  16 Pagesactually offers the superior account: There was a bright rainbow at my feet; and from that I looked up to --great Heaven! To what a fall of bright green water! The broad, deep, mighty stream seems to die in the act of falling; and, from its unfathomable grave arises that tremendous ghost of spray and mist which is never laid, and has been haunting this place with the same dread solemnity--perhaps from the creation of the world (Letters 3: 210-11). In this essay, I analyze DickenssRead More The Call Of Jack London Essay example2187 Words   |  9 Pagesthe twelfth child of his father, for through his first marriage he had eleven children. Jack London’s family was stricken by poverty. His father had many trades, however worked mainly in truck gardening(McCracken 370). After Jack’s graduation from grammar school, which he attended in Oakland, Jack read many novels, mainly ones about romance, travel, and adventure. He took many odd jobs to make ends meet(Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Jack had ambitionsRead MoreEssay on Altruism: Our Desire to Help Others2507 Words   |  11 Pagesin the concept of altruism and kin selection. He eventually created an equation for this concept of selfishness versus altruism. Called the covariance or Price equation, this formula tested natural selection and altruisms role in it (Bankston). â€Å"From the Price equation, we can see that such ultimate causes equate to the different ways in which the frequency of an altruistic allele in a population can increase. Under this approach, the ultimate causes underlying the evolution of altruism, givenRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespage intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor:

Feeding program free essay sample

The National Service Training Program is a civic education and defence preparedness program for Filipino tertiary education students instituted by the Government of the Philippines on 23 January 2002 by virtue of Republic Act 9163, otherwise known as the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001 The National Service Training Programme (NSTP) is implemented to achieve the objectives: To develop and enhance the spirit of patriotism amongst youths, To encourage national integration and racial unity, To build character through imparting core moral values, To instil a spirit of volunteerism,To develop a young generation that is resilient, healthy and confident. The National Service Training Program(Nstp) is a one-year formative process tailored for the first year. It is aimed at developing their civic consciousness, ethics of service, nationalism and being a person for others in the classroom and most especially in the area work. It aims to implement the concept of jesuit Educa tion, which is integral and dynamic. We will write a custom essay sample on Feeding program or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page NSTP also hopes to facilitate processes where where first year students may learn to nurture the values of patriotism, love of country, personal relationship with god, respect for the dignity of persons, academic excellence and sense of service. San Isidro Elementary is a clean and good place. They have their own small canteen, covered court, garden, kitchen, and the classrooms. The school is not that big compared to other elementary schools. But all of the students were always smiling and happy all the times. Our group give the kids food before going to the activity. We are the one who serves the food for them. We also clean all the stuff that have been used in the feeding. Our group prepared different activities for the students. We also teach them how to make and design a bookmark. We told them the importance of plants in our environment. Like tree planting this activity is the memorable in all of our past activities. It is memorable, because all of the kids are very attentive in planting. They are all active in our tree planting activity. The students in San Isidro elementary school have different attitudes. There are some students that are always playing, active in class, and shy. But our group know that they are eager to discover and learn new things from us. This kind of service can develop the personality of a person. You can learn to appreciate thing more. Value each moment, because life is so wonderful. And we should do our best in order to be successful.

Politics of the Middle East

Table of Contents Introduction Pan-Arab Movement Origin and Development The Decline Islamic Movement Background Works Cited Introduction Regional movements have had significant effect on the Inter-Arab politics. Good examples of these movements are the Pan-Arab movement as well as the Islamic movements. These movements have always tried to reunify Arabs and reestablish their political power.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Politics of the Middle East specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of them have been making efforts to bring out the issue of nationalism, particularly after the Second World War. They have tended to press for unity and socialism. Most of these movements played a very important role in the liberation of Arabs from foreign powers like European powers and even the Ottoman Empire. Pan-Arab Movement Regional movements such as the Pan-Arab movement have been at the forefront in bringing the existing regimes to the limelight. They have helped in curtailing the excessive powers employed by the dictatorial regimes. The Pan-Arab movement was mainly based on the socialism ideologies. The movement asserts that Arabs belong to one state and it was meant to unit them as well as shielding them from foreign dominance. The movement played a big role in unifying Arab nations and through the formation of alliances as well as enhancing economic collaboration (Jankowski 244-45). Origin and Development The movement is believed to have been founded by Jurji Zaydan under his Nahda movement. He is well known for his role in the adoption of Quranic language as the official language among the Arabic nations instead of the reliance on the other local languages. This helped to boost the aspect of Arab nationalism. He also popularized certain heroes from the Arab nations in the novels that he wrote. His ideas were picked up by Sharif Hussein Ali, who sought the Mashreq Arabs independence from Ottoman Empire. The movement therefore played a very significant role in the liberation as well as independence of the Arab nations. The movement played a very significant role in the unification of Arab nations. In some of the cases however it met with opposition and distrust. It was accused of propagating racism, inciting as well as down-playing the role played by people who were of the non-Arabic origin. It met with opposition not just from non-Arabic nations but some of the Arabic nations as well.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Egypt was for instance so much opposed to its ideologies in its earlier years and it only came to be accepted during the reign of Gamal Abdel Nasser. Most Arab nations had irreconcilable differences that in most cases led to the collapse of the movement and its ideologies (Aburish 99). The Decline After the defeat of the Arabs by the Israeli s in the six day war in 1967 as well as the inability of the Arab nations that embraced the pan African ideology to ensure economic recovery the result was the decline of the movement as well as its ideologies. It only remained as an aspect of wishful thinking among the common people. After the war, many people had lost their lives and so many of the Egyptians were disillusioned by the ‘Arab politics.’ The signing of the peace accord between Egypt and Israel dealt a big blow to the movement. Opposition started emerging against the movement among the Arab nations who blamed the movement for some of the invasions that occurred like the invasion of Kuwait by the Iraqis. Egypt opposed it on the grounds that it tended to elevate only one aspect of the Egyptian culture and suppressed the rest. Islamic Movement The Islamic movement is the other regional movement that has had significant effect on the Inter-Arab politics. The movement has lead to revolutions in most of the Arab nations. The movement has in some cases been used to fight governments and overthrow them or even wage war against the invading troops. The movement has been responsible for several uprisings some of which have marked political turning points. Background The movement emerged as a result of the threat that the Islamic nations faced particularly due to the foreign western influence. Most of these nations were witnessing white revolution and the traditional Islamic culture was perceived to be at risk. The western nations seemed to be gaining ground among the Islamic states hence a need emerged to curtail the same. The movement has tended to abandon the crisis ideology and channel its efforts towards tackling the challenges that people encounter. Since its emergence, the movement made efforts to liberate Islamic territories. The movement’s efforts were geared towards ensuring that foreign influence and invasion of the Islamic land is curtailed. It was known for demanding monetar y as well as material support in the fight against foreign invasion. The fight was viewed as one aimed at ensuring liberation against the aggressors.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Politics of the Middle East specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was known for using aggressive tactics like jihad in trying to accomplish the mission among the Arab states. The movement always elevated people who fought for its precepts to the ‘freedom fighters’ status. The movement was at the forefront in calling the Muslims to the fight against foreign invasion and this greatly affected the inter-Arab politics. It played a very significant role in shaping the public opinion for instance through convincing people about their common enemy like Israel and other western countries which were perceived as a threat to the Islamic as well as the Arab nations. It utilized the tactic of recruiting many followers and thi s worked as a political strategy as it ensured that their voice in the political scene was heard. The movement’s activities included the fighting of imperialism which was perceived to be a western propagated ideology. It was since time in the past trying all the tactics to unit the Islamic people majority of whom were the Arabs. This was done through demanding for the spirit of nationalism among the Islamic states and this was enhanced by ensuring that they had several things in common like the national flags or slogans like; Allah is great. This greatly influenced the political landscape in the Middle Eastern countries. Such unity was perceived as the only way of fueling the jihads which were perceived as wars fought on behalf of Allah. The movement perceived it as its responsibility to hid to any call for help made by the Islamic people. It was particularly known for propagating the Islamic ideology and waging war against other foreign ideologies like those embraced by the Christians. It was always perceived as fighting to liberate countries from any form of imperialism and against the teachings that were believed to be secular and which encourage sin. They fought with the assumptions that they were fighting for the right cause regardless of whether the targets were Muslims or non Muslims. Islam was perceived as the only remedy that Allah gave man to liberate him from slavery and make him worship only Allah as the true God and no other. The Islamic movement however met much opposition from the leaderships of the respective nations given that they were perceived as partisan to the oppression of the people and in trying to share in the glory of Allah which was against the Islamic precepts. The movement was also perceived as outlawed given that aggressive methods and violence were employed in order to drive the message home. Some of the tactics included jihad.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was also perceived by the leaders as geared towards political unrest as it incited the masses. The message that was perpetuated by the movement is that tyrants and the powerful were going against the will of God by oppressing the poor and the lowly. Such messages were not perceived as of good will among the leadership (Zaman 55). The movement insisted on the need for everyone to wage war against the injustices that were being practiced and anyone who did not do this was perceived as partaking in the injustices that were being committed. It insisted on the fact that those who insisted on doing wrong would be punished by Allah himself. This in the long run resulted in the Islamic conquest which was perceived as a remedy and redemption to the people who were being oppressed, that is why they embraced Islam wholeheartedly (Wiktorowicz 4). These two movements, the pan Arab-movement and the Islamic movement are just some of the regional movements that affected the Inter-Arab politics. Their main aim was to bring together people particularly in the Middle Eastern Arab as well as Islamic nations and liberate them from foreign influence and oppression hence giving them freedom and a common identity. Such movements have been a common cause of uprising and even government overthrows since they tend to bring the ruling classes to the limelight and expose those acts that they perceive as unjustified or oppressive. Most of the foreign influences among Arab and Islamic nations were curtailed due to the impact of these movements (Morris 57). They were a major determinant of the public opinion given that they sided with the majority who perceived themselves as being oppressed. They used tactics of uniting and inciting the people against the ruling class hence causing uprisings as well as government overthrows. They also perpetrated their ideologies among the masses hence influencing the political ideologies of that particular time. For instance, the Islamic movement perpetr ated the inclusion of Islamic precepts in the governance of the people which were perceived as being fair and acceptable to man and God. The Pan-Arab movement on the other hand demanded for the exaltation of Arabic precepts in the governance. They therefore significantly affected the Inter-Arab politics. They however met with much opposition particularly from the leaderships of that time given that they were perceived as using crude tactics as well as inciting the people against their leaders as well as dividing them along racial and religious lines. Given that most of these movements were aimed at curtailing the influence of the western powers in their nations, they tended to unit the people against these powers and this resulted in the independence as well as liberation of most of these nations. Works Cited Aburish, Said K. Nasser, the Last Arab. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2004. Print. Jankowski, James. Egypt and Early Arab Nationalism. New York: Columbia University Pres s, 1990. Print. Morris, Benny. The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. Print. Wiktorowicz, Quintan. â€Å"Islamists, the State, and Cooperation in Jordan.† Arab Studies  Quarterly, 21. 4(1999): 4. Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. The Ulama in Contemporary Islam: Custodians of Change.  New York: Princeton University Press, 2002. Print. This research paper on Politics of the Middle East was written and submitted by user Lailah Gilliam to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Laws Regulating Federal Lobbyists

Laws Regulating Federal Lobbyists In public opinion polls, lobbyists rank somewhere between pond scum and nuclear waste. In every election, politicians vow never to be â€Å"bought out† by lobbyists, but often do. Briefly, lobbyists get paid by businesses or special interest groups to win the votes and support of members of the U.S. Congress and state legislatures.   Indeed, to many people, lobbyists and what they do represent the main cause of corruption in federal government. But while lobbyists and their influence in Congress sometimes seem to be out of control, they really do have to follow laws. In fact, lots of them.   Background: The Laws of Lobbying While each state legislature has created its own set of laws regulating lobbyists, there are two specific federal laws regulating the actions of lobbyists targeting the U.S. Congress.   Recognizing the need to make the lobbying process more transparent and accountable to the American people, Congress enacted the Lobbying Disclosure Act (LDA) of 1995. Under this law, all lobbyists dealing with the U.S. Congress are required to register with both the Clerk of the House of Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate. Within 45 days of becoming employed or retained to lobby on behalf of a new client, the lobbyist must register his or her agreement with that client with the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House. As of 2015, more than 16,000 federal lobbyists were registered under the LDA. However, merely registering with Congress was not enough to prevent some lobbyists from abusing the system to the point of triggering total disgust for their profession. Jack Abramoff Lobbying Scandal Spurred New, Tougher Law Public hatred for lobbyists and lobbying reached its peak in 2006 when Jack Abramoff, working as a lobbyist for the rapidly growing Indian casino industry, pleaded guilty to charges of bribing members of Congress, some of whom also ended up in prison as a result of the scandal. In the aftermath of the Abramoff scandal, Congress in 2007 passed the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act (HLOGA) fundamentally changing the ways in which lobbyists were allowed to interact with members of Congress. As a result of HLOGA, lobbyists are prohibited from â€Å"treating† Congress members or their staff to things like meals, travel, or entertainment events. Under HLOGA, lobbyists must file Lobbying Disclosure (LD) reports during each year revealing all contributions they made to campaign events for members of Congress or other expenditures of efforts they make that might in any way personally benefit a member of Congress. Specifically, the required reports are: The LD-2 report showing all lobbying activities for each organization they are registered to represent must be filed quarterly; andThe LD-203 report disclosing certain political â€Å"contributions† to politicians must be filed twice a year. What Can Lobbyists ‘Contribute’ to Politicians? Lobbyists are allowed to contribute money to federal politicians under the same campaign contribution limits placed on individuals. During the current (2016) federal election cycle, lobbyists cannot give more than $2,700 to any candidate and $5,000 to any Political Action Committees (PAC) in each election. Of course, the most coveted â€Å"contributions† lobbyists make to politicians are the money and votes of the members of the industries and organizations they work for. In 2015 for example, the nearly 5 million members of the National Rifle Association gave a combined $3.6 million to federal politicians opposed to tighter gun control policy. In addition, lobbyist must file quarterly reports listing their clients, the fees they received from each client and the issues on which they lobbied for each client. Lobbyists who fail to comply with these laws face could face both civil and criminal penalties as determined by the Office of the U.S. Attorney. Penalties for Violation of the Lobbying Laws The Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House, along with U.S. Attorney’s Office (USAO) are responsible for ensuring that lobbyists comply with the LDA activity disclosure law. Should they detect a failure to comply, the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House notifies the lobbyist in writing. Should the lobbyist fail to provide an adequate response, the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House refers the case to the USAO. The USAO researches these referrals and sends additional noncompliance notices to the lobbyist, requesting that they file reports or terminate their registration. If USAO does not receive a response after 60 days, it decides whether to pursue a civil or criminal case against the lobbyist. A civil judgment could lead to penalties up to $200,000 for each violation, while a criminal conviction - usually pursued when a lobbyist’s noncompliance is found to be knowing and corrupt- could lead to a maximum of 5 years in prison. So yes, there are laws for lobbyists, but how many of those lobbyists are really doing the â€Å"right thing† by complying with the disclosure laws? GAO Reports on Lobbyists’ Compliance with the Law In an audit released on March 24, 2016, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) reported that during 2015, â€Å"most† registered federal lobbyists did file disclosure reports that included key data required by the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (LDA). According to the GAO’s audit, 88% of lobbyists properly filed initial LD-2 reports as required by the LDA. Of those properly filed reports, 93% included adequate documentation on income and expenses. About 85% of lobbyists properly filed their required year-end LD-203 reports disclosing campaign contributions. During 2015, federal lobbyists filed 45,565 LD-2 disclosure reports with $5,000 or more in lobbying activity, and 29,189 LD-203 reports of federal political campaign contributions. The GAO did find that, as in years past, some lobbyists continued to properly disclose payments for certain â€Å"covered positions,† as paid congressional internships or certain executive agency positions provided as part of the lobbyists’ â€Å"contributions† to lawmakers. GAO’s audit estimated that about 21% of all LD-2 reports filed by lobbyists in 2015 failed to disclose payments for at least one such covered position, despite the fact that most lobbyists told the GAO that they found the rules regarding reporting covered positions as being â€Å"very easy† or   Ã¢â‚¬Å"somewhat easy† to understand.

Free Essays on Airborne Express Company Overview

Airborne Express Company Overview In a highly competitive industry the structure of a firm is very important to its success. Today firms are moving away from the centralized structure of the past, and adopting a more decentralized structure (Management Challenge in the 21st Century P 315). The air express industry is no exception. FedEx, the leader in the air express industry since the late eighties, is also leading U.P.S. in the race to becoming decentralized. Airborne Express, is not even in the race. In order to compete in today’s changing environment, Airborne Express needs to move away from it old fashion centralized structure and form a more decentralized structure. The old fashioned structure is not the only variable that makes Airborne the follower in the air express industry. The Internet and information systems are transforming the air express market into an electronic commerce market, and Airborne needs to transform its operations to meet this growing market. This report describes the strengths and weakness of the organizational structure of Airborne Express. Furthermore, it also gives recommendations for future changes in Airborne Express. The first section of this report addresses how the organization of the firm evolved, and what changes are taking place structurally in its industry. The second section discusses labor issues in the air express industry and how they affect Airborne Express. The Third section addresses the growing electronic commerce market and how it’s affecting the industry and Airborne Express. 1)Structure of Airborne Express During the eighties many air express companies were formed and many were destroyed. However, three companies came out of this highly competitive period on top. They were FedEx, U.P.S. and Airborne Express. Airborne survived this highly competitive period by adapting to the external forces affecting Airborne was the size of the competition. U.P.S. and Fe... Free Essays on Airborne Express Company Overview Free Essays on Airborne Express Company Overview Airborne Express Company Overview In a highly competitive industry the structure of a firm is very important to its success. Today firms are moving away from the centralized structure of the past, and adopting a more decentralized structure (Management Challenge in the 21st Century P 315). The air express industry is no exception. FedEx, the leader in the air express industry since the late eighties, is also leading U.P.S. in the race to becoming decentralized. Airborne Express, is not even in the race. In order to compete in today’s changing environment, Airborne Express needs to move away from it old fashion centralized structure and form a more decentralized structure. The old fashioned structure is not the only variable that makes Airborne the follower in the air express industry. The Internet and information systems are transforming the air express market into an electronic commerce market, and Airborne needs to transform its operations to meet this growing market. This report describes the strengths and weakness of the organizational structure of Airborne Express. Furthermore, it also gives recommendations for future changes in Airborne Express. The first section of this report addresses how the organization of the firm evolved, and what changes are taking place structurally in its industry. The second section discusses labor issues in the air express industry and how they affect Airborne Express. The Third section addresses the growing electronic commerce market and how it’s affecting the industry and Airborne Express. 1) Structure of Airborne Express During the eighties many air express companies were formed and many were destroyed. However, three companies came out of this highly competitive period on top. They were FedEx, U.P.S. and Airborne Express. Airborne survived this highly competitive period by adapting to the external forces affecting Airborne was the size of the competition. U.P.S. and Fe...

Human resource strategies for change management Essay

Human resource strategies for change management - Essay Example More specifically, the behaviour of the environment is being examined in order to identify the reasons of failure that the change management faced in this occasion. Griffiths reforms should be analyzed and evaluated in accordance with the necessity and the extension of change management initiatives as well as the general environment (political, economic, social, technological and legal) in which they are intended to operate. The change when occurring in a professional environment has to face a lot of difficulties and oppositions. The existence of ‘recognized’ and ‘well-established’ right of decisions of certain ‘groups’ or people is usually the reason for the hostility towards the attempts for change at their first appearance. That’s why the element of change management that should be a priority when introducing new strategies in a work environment is the creation of conditions of acceptance (Walker, 1994). If the current situation is ‘blocked’ and there will be no effort to create a climate of trust and positively thinking towards the proposed changes, then their application could be unachievable. In this context, the detailed diagnosis of the problem in accordance with the identification of the areas of dissatisfaction with the existing situation could help the change to be more desirable from the participants involved. In order to achieve an objective and appropriate diagnosis we could use the following two techniques: a) the assessment of the efficiency of the organization and b) the diagnosis of the organizational weaknesses and strengths (Grit, Dolfsma, 2002). In this particular situation, it seems that the proposed reforms although containing detailed and – in general terms – effective rules regarding the organizational restructuring, the major problem is the lack of sufficient research regarding the existing managerial structures so that the

Criminology Case Study - Mass Murder Research Paper

Criminology Case Study - Mass Murder - Research Paper Example This time of murders mostly occur in single locations where victims are killed by the murderer. The aim of this paper will be explaining the crime of mass murder and its relationship with the above three theories. A case in point will be on a mass murder of an individual who shot dead 12 movie goers in a movie theatre in Denver. James E.Holmes is accused of acting alone in the incident. According to Burke (2009), a mass murder can be committed by an individual or by organizations. This type of mass shootings has in recent times increased in number and magnitude. Shootings are occurring in schools and other social places in alarming frequency. Innocent children and adults have lost their lives due to indiscriminate mass shootings. After carrying out investigations, the FBI concluded that Holmes was acting alone. Crimes have a background and objectivity to occurrence (Carole et al, 2010) and this paper will try understanding the crime of mass murders from this perspective. The Crime Th e suspect, Holmesis accuse of indiscriminately shooting 12 victims dead and seriously injuring 58 others in a movie theatre in Denver Colorado. Holmes legally bought guns and ammunition in the Denver area and proceeded to a movie theatre that was screening a movie by the title â€Å"The Dark Knight Rises†. ... According to the law, Holmes faces charges of mass murder among other charges and accordingly faces a life sentence in jail if found guilty. Hagan (2010) explains that crimes are committed by criminals and therefore Holmes could be inadvertently a serialized criminal even though his criminal past only consisted of a single traffic summon.According to Fox & Levin (2012), over 90% Americans of Americans advocate for background checks on individual who purchase arms as a way of controlling who owns arms.Crimes of this nature have and still continue to occur. Mass murders are becoming a common scenario in the everyday life of American Citizens. There has been a gradual increase in use of lethal force during these incidents. The reason behind an individual taking up arms and killing fellow humans according to Brent &Kraska (2013) can be attributed to personality as well social structures around the individual among other factors. In light of these factors, the three theories shed light on the reason behind this crime of mass shootings. Rational Theory Starting with the rational theory that seeks to explain the reason why individuals behave the way they do, especially so for criminal related behaviors. According to (Hagan, 2010), blame is directed toward personal choice as the reason behind crime. An individual like Holmes might have carried out the mass shootings in the movie theatre out of personal choice. The authorities determined that Holmes was working alone and therefore there could be incidents of persuasion on him. Welsh (2008)states that human beings are rational and thus individuals choose behavior, criminal on otherwise, based purely on rationality. The basis of this rational behavior is an analysis on cost versus benefit of choice.

Deadly Unna Essay Example for Free

Deadly Unna Essay Within the pages of the novel Deadly Unna by Phillip Gwynne we are taken on a journey to a highly racist and bigoted town. Through the eyes of a young teenage boy, we see the world how he does and we experience the division and racism in this corrupt town. In the book, the two races are strongly divided and we can see this clearly in the local bar. The front bar is for the goonyas and the back bar is for the nungas. Nungas are not allowed to be in the front bar with the goonyas, they are not allowed to drink with them. Although the division in the bar is not direct racism, it still leaves a large impression on the reader. In the back bar, there is a serving window for the nungas to buy their drinks, there are no seats at the bar like in the front. â€Å"Back bar or black bar as everybody called it,† (page 156). The back bar is called black bar because that is where all the nungas are permitted to be, not up the front like normal people, like animals at the back. Although the nungas play for the football team, the racial division is even spread in the change rooms. The may not have been a rule in place that the nungas got changed at one end of the rooms and the goonyas at the other, it still came out that way. â€Å"Nungas got changed at one end and us Goonyas at the other. There was no rule or anything; it was just the way it was.† (Page 21) Even though the town allows nungas to play on their football team, they are still classed as unwelcome in the Port. â€Å"boongs piss off  Ã¢â‚¬  is written on the jetty shed. The word â€Å"boong† is a derogatory term that the aboriginals are referred to. â€Å"Everywhere you look boongs piss off, boongs piss off, boongs piss off. Everywhere,† (page 257) the crude saying is written everywhere in The Port making it clear that nungas are not welcome in this part of town. The goonyas part of the town. At the end of the novel, Blacky and his siblings, paint over the sign â€Å"boongs piss off  Ã¢â‚¬  that is on the jetty shed, showing that they are not as racist and narrow minded as the rest of the town, their decision may not be agreed with, but they are standing up for what they think is right, proving that nungas should be accepted, not discriminated against. Not only is this town racist, but it is also filled with sexism, majority of the men and teenage boys do not believe that women are their equals. Mr Robertson will not take advice from Gwen Black (Blacky’s mother) because she is a woman, even if she was a â€Å"tactical genius†. â€Å"Everybody thought that to be a great coach you had to be a great player. And a bloke, of course,† (page 32). Pickles is also sexist, he dislikes Cathy (a camper) squidding with Blacky and himself, he believes that it is a man’s job. â€Å"Girls and squid, according to him didn’t go together,† (page 181). Blacky’s father is also sexist, he is always down at the pub drinking or going out fishing while his wife Gwen is at home cooking and cleaning for her family.

Suppleness in Physical Education Essay -- Papers

Suppleness in Physical Education The definition of flexibility, suppleness and mobility is the range of movement possible round a joint and this depends on the amount of stretch allowed by the ligaments, joints, tendons and muscles. Flexibility is an important component of physical fitness for all athletes as increasing your flexibility aids performance and helps to avoid unnecessary injury. It is impossible to have the same degree of flexibility around all joints as the joint structure itself limits flexibility, for example a lot of movement is possible at the shoulder joint because it is a ball and socket joint, but movement at the hinge joint of the knee is more limited. Increasing body temperature helps to improve flexibility, which is a good reason why an athlete should always warm up. Our range of movement deteriorates as we get older, due to shortening of the connective tissue and general joint degeneration caused by wear and tear. Why should a netballer do mobility exercises? The objective of mobility training is to improve the range of stretch of the antagonistic muscles. Mobility plays an important part in the preparation of netballers by developing a range of movement to allow technical development and assisting in the prevention of injury. All athletes require a basic level of general all round mobility to allow them to benefit from other forms of training. In addition, netball players will need to develop specific mobility for those joint actions involved in the techniques of their game. Netballers do not have the option to dribble the ball; therefore netball is very much a passing game. Throwing is one... ...ying netball as players have to repeatedly bend down to gather low passes or rolling balls. As I play the position of centre, a high level of stamina is vital as the centre is the player who links the defence to the attack. The centre is designated to a large area on the court so a lot of movement is required. Netball consists of the players continuously passing the ball, so endurance in the biceps brachii and triceps trachii is essential which enables players to pass the ball accurately with speed and power throughout the game. A good level of stamina will ensure that fatigue will not affect your performance. Lack of stamina is highlighted in the last quarter of many matches in which a player complains of â€Å"jelly legs.† This is usually accompanied by decreased performance in skills requiring muscular strength or power.

Heart of Darkness Essay

Kurtz is the man who Marlow searches for through the Congo. Marlow’s search develops into an obsession and when the search has ended, he only finds a shadow of a man that was once Kurtz. Kurtz was a man who had achieved great things in his life, inspiring each person he had come across and was expected to accomplish more. He came into the Congo with great plans for civilizing the natives, however he became greedy, which ended up being the subject of his own demise. ‘I had immense plans†¦ I was on the threshold of great things’. Kurtz’s main characteristics were his ability to talk passionately to people and inspire them with his words. He had a charisma that made people feel that he was some kind of a genius. Kurtz was a very talented human being, gifted in many areas. He could not be pinned down to a specific talent. He was seen as a great musician to his cousin that Marlow visits, a brilliant politician and leader of men to the journalist and a genius and humanitarian to his intended. Marlow views him as a universal genius. Kurtz is a round character, who is explored deeply and at times, almost to deep. He is neither the protagonist nor the antagonist, but he is a complex main character within the novel. In places where Kurtz is described, there is imagery of darkness and foreboding evil. Kurtz was an exaggeration of the white people who had come to Africa for money. Kurtz’s greed for ivory became extreme and even made him violent and aggressive. He was the idea of the self-made man that was the American dream. It was thought that any man could travel and be wealthy materially and spiritually. He was living that dream for a while, before it swallowed him whole. His ego inflated and he believed himself to be a superior being such as God. He let himself be worshipped among the natives and encircled himself with darkness and evil. Hence, his ideals had changed from his journey through Africa. And he soon became one of the natives. Releasing himself from civilization and restraint. When Marlow finally reached Kurtz, Kurtz had become hollow. Kurtz had reached insanity. He was no longer the great man he had once been. ‘He was hollow at the core. ‘ Through conversing with the natives and immersing himself with them, Kurtz lost his restraint, which he had learned through civilization. By taking part in native ceremonial gatherings, he had lost his soul and he had succumbed to darkness. ‘How many powers of darkness claimed him for their own. ‘ The reason for his behaviour was his greed for ivory. He gave up his soul only for the sole purpose of money and success. However, his actions are justified as Marlow expresses that leaving a man in a jungle with nothing but himself and the desire to make money, will make him go mad. Without restraint from his own culture, Kurtz’s basic instincts were released. Kurtz’s appearance had dramatically altered as well. He was extremely thin and had a baldhead; he had also lost the ability to walk. From being a God to the natives, he soon comes to despise them. He sees them as rebels, which is why he has stuck heads on sticks outside his hut. ‘Exterminate the brutes’ In the end, Kurtz dies just after he has come to realize that he has become the heart of darkness. He is an embodiment of evil and he highlights this by saying, ‘The horror! The horror! ‘ Kurtz was an imperialist who was a symbol of colonization, and a symbol of the jungle.

IHRM and HRM Difference

In a highly competitive global economy, where the other factors of production—capital, technology, raw materials, and information—are increasingly able to be duplicated, â€Å"the caliber of the people in an organization will be the only source of sustainable competitive advantage available to companies. Domestic HRM and international HRM are both concentrate on human resource management, but there are many differences also. No mater domestic HRM or international HRM an organization’s HRM activities are also include these 6 parts. The first part is human resource planning, before the company employs the employees the company should know what kind of employees their need. Then the second part is staffing (recruitment, selection, placement), the company select the employees what they need from the HR market. The third part is compensation (remuneration) and benefits. The company should set the employees’ wages. Then, the forth part is deal with the industrial relations. It is common in every company that there are many troubles in employees or in employees and the company, so the company should set a department which is especial deal with the problem. The fifth part is performance management. The company’s main project is to make profits, so at the end of the year the company will reward or punish according to the employee’s performance. The last part is training and development. And these parts are completed one by one. There are also many differences between domestic HRM and IHRM. IHRM complexity can be attributed to six factors. The first is more HR activities such as international taxation; international relocation and orientation; host-government relations; language translation services. For example, to a domestic company it is only concerned with the tax rates in his country, but for a international company it is not only focus on his PCN’s tax rates but also focus on his TCN’s tax rates. The second is need for a broader perspective such as program design and administration for several employee groups; long term consequences on key decisions made. For example, to a domestic company it pays all attention to his program design and administration in his country, but for a international company it is not only focus on his PCN’s program design and administration but also pays attention to his TCN’s program design and administration. The third one is more involvement in employees’ personal lives. One obvious difference between domestic and international HRM is that staff are moved across ational boundaries into various roles within the international firms foreign operations—these employees have traditionally been called expatriates. An expatriate is an employee who is transferred out of their home base into some other area of the firm’s international operations. There are many factors will determine the assignment succeed or failed such as level of support to handle for PCNs and TCNs, banking, investments, home rental while on assignment, coordinating home visits , final repatriation, level of explanations particularly on the comp. ackage components , marital status during selection process. The forth one is variations in the mix of expatriates and locals, for example if the company want maturity evolves, the company need to support expat and virtual team. All these such as foreign subsidiary increased autonomy, high potential selection and development, long term succession planning necessitates flexibility and focus fluctuation within the HR department, not needed for domestic HR to the same degree. The fifth one is risk exposure, the IHRM will face heavier financial and human consequences in case of assignment failure. The last one is broader external influences such as the type of government; the state of the economy ; generally accepted practices of doing business in host countries. We can conclude that HRM is important to every company no matter it is domestic company or international company, so the manager should pay more attention to the HRM or the company will fail.

A Smorgasbord of Food Terms Meaning Mixture

A Smorgasbord of Food Terms Meaning Mixture A Smorgasbord of Food Terms Meaning Mixture A Smorgasbord of Food Terms Meaning Mixture By Mark Nichol A number of words referring to an assortment of food in one dish or display of dishes also allude to a mixture (often a confused one); here are those terms and their meanings and origins. A figurative alphabet soup, by analogy to the soup featuring pieces of pasta shaped like letters of the alphabet, is a series of initials, often appearing as a string of groups of letters after a person’s name indicating degrees or honors or as a list of acronyms and initialisms that refer to agencies or organizations. Speaking of pasta, several hundred years ago, pasticcio (from the Italian word pasta, meaning â€Å"paste†), an Italian term for a macaroni dish, was adopted into English to refer to a mixture (it was never used in the food sense), but it was later supplanted by the French translation pastiche. Meanwhile, far, the Latin word for the grain we call spelt (and the root of farina, the term for a meal used to make hot cereal) is the origin of the Latin term farrago, meaning â€Å"cattle feed† but also acquired by English only in the extended sense of â€Å"a mixture.† Gumbo, probably ultimately derived from a word in an African language for â€Å"runaway slave,† refers to a type of soup or dish made of multiple ingredients, often thickened with or including okra. (The term also refers to a type of silty soil or mud, or to a mixture in general.) Jambalaya, by contrast, is a spicy rice dish with one or more types of meats and vegetables; the French Provenà §al dialect term jambalaia, from which it is derived, means â€Å"mix-up.† In its original sense in Swedish, smorgasbord literally means â€Å"open-sandwich table,† but in English it refers broadly to a self-service buffet spread. Macà ©doine (from the French word for the culturally diverse southern European region of Macedonia) is a mixture of fruits or vegetables served in a variety of ways, including a salad. Salmagundi, an alteration of the French word salmigondis, meaning â€Å"hodgepodge,† is a salad plate of arranged vegetables as well as meat, fish, and eggs. Salad (the word is ultimately derived from the Latin term sal, meaning â€Å"salt†) can itself refer to a mixture of disparate elements. Hash, stemming from the French verb hacher, meaning â€Å"chop,† is a dish made of chopped meat and potatoes often served as leftovers, hence the additional sense of â€Å"a restatement of something already known.† (The word also appears in â€Å"hash brown potatoes†- alternatively called â€Å"hash browns†- a description alluding to the chopped-up form of the potatoes.) In addition, hash refers in general to a figurative or literal mess, and as a verb it means â€Å"chop,† â€Å"confuse,† or â€Å"review† or â€Å"talk about.† The expressions â€Å"hash (it) out† and â€Å"hash (it) over† refer to discussing something or solving a problem, and to make a hash of something is to ruin it or do a poor job. Hash is also an alternative term for the pound sign, also called the number symbol; the word refers to the lines in the symbol, which resemble chopping marks. The term has become popular thanks to its widespread use in tweets, or messages sent using the social-networking service Twitter; the symbol, due to its use as a marker in tweets, is also called a hashtag. (Hash as a short form of hashish is unrelated; the latter is an Arabic term referring to resin collected from hemp for use as a drug.) â€Å"Olla podrida† and potpourri, from Spanish and French respectively, both literally mean â€Å"rotten pot,† though they consist of savory ingredients; the former is the name of a Spanish or Latin American stew usually featuring sausage and chickpeas, and the latter refers to a mixture of flowers, herbs, and spices collected to provide a pleasant scent. Stew itself refers to an assortment of chunks of food cooked in a hot liquid, though it can also mean â€Å"a hot bath† (the Middle English term stewe means â€Å"a heated room for a steam bath†) as well as â€Å"a state of congestion or heat or of confusion, excitement, or worry.† (It is also outdated slang for brothel or, in plural form, an obsolete reference to a red-light district.) Three other words for stew derive from forms of French: hotchpotch (from the Anglo-French term meaning â€Å"to shake† combined with pot), which was altered to hodgepodge; ragout, which comes from the French verb ragoà »ter, meaning â€Å"to revive the taste† (the second syllable is related to gusto, meaning â€Å"taste† or â€Å"enthusiasm,† and gustatory, meaning â€Å"relating to taste or tasting†); and gallimaufry, from galimafree, a Middle French term for stew. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Compared "to" or Compared "with"?How to spell "in lieu of"5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

Locution and Etymologically Related Terms About Speech

Locution and Etymologically Related Terms About Speech Locution and Etymologically Related Terms About Speech Locution and Etymologically Related Terms About Speech By Mark Nichol Locution, meaning â€Å"style of speech† (in the sense of the art of speaking), stems from the Latin word loqui, meaning â€Å"to speak.† Here are the other words in English based on the Latin term, and their meanings. A colloquy (literally, â€Å"speaking together†) is a conversation or a conference; the related term colloquium refers to a formal meeting consisting of one or more addresses by experts followed by a question-and-answer session. Interestingly, the adjective form colloquial has the antonymic senses of â€Å"informal† and â€Å"conversational.† Words with the same root form include soliloquy (literally, â€Å"speaking alone†), the word for a monologue in a play in which a character shares his or her thoughts, as well as obloquy, which can mean â€Å"harsh criticism† or can refer to the condition of being criticized or discredited. Meanwhile, ventriloquy, a variation of ventriloquism (literally, â€Å"speaking from the stomach†), denotes the practice of deceiving an audience for entertainment by speaking in such a way that the audience believes the voice is coming from another source, usually a puppet manipulated by the ventriloquist to appear to be talking. (A more obscure meaning is â€Å"expressing oneself through another,† especially as a writer does by having a fictional character represent his or her attitudes or beliefs.) Grandiloquence (literally, â€Å"large speaking†) is a familiar term for a bombastic or pompous form of speaking, but a less well-known synonym is magniloquence (literally, â€Å"great speaking†), and vaniloquence (literally, â€Å"vain speaking†), which refers to foolish talk, is related in both formation and meaning. Somniloquence (literally, â€Å"sleep talking†), however, is a neutral word meaning â€Å"talking in one’s sleep.† The difference between the meanings of eloquence and loquacity is a distinction between quality and quantity; an eloquent speaker is an effective one, but a loquacious one is merely talkative. Interlocutor might be perceived as meaning â€Å"one who interrupts,† but it simply (and neutrally) refers to a fellow participant in a conversation (interlocution literally means â€Å"speaking between†). However, circumlocution (which literally means â€Å"speaking around†) connotes a judgment: a circumlocutory person speaks evasively or verbosely. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Idioms About Numbers10 Types of Transitionsâ€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

WK 3 Final Project Matrix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WK 3 Final Project Matrix - Essay Example ich can be offered in classrooms by specialized teaches, early intervention specifically by parents via use of direct and brief commands and positive attention to the behavior of the child (Rosenberg et al, 2007). This is a condition that exhibits an inability for learning unexplainable by sensory, intellectual, or health factors, inability to sustain, even build, relationships with teachers or peers, inappropriate feelings or behaviors in normal circumstances, and a tendency for the development of fears or physical symptoms associated with learning institutions (Rosenberg et al, 2007). There are two types of classification systems: clinically and statistically derived. Statistical system uses the individual’s level of difference in frequency and rate as compared to their normative samples extracted from the same population as the subject, while clinical systems utilize diagnostic and descriptive criteria associated with communication and physical disorders (Rosenberg et al, 2007). Behavioral characteristics include increased aggression such as abusive, violent, and destructive behavior, breaking of rules wt the belief that boundaries are not applicable to them, non-compliance with requests or instructions which disrupts social and academic development, social withdrawal including excessive solitary play, low verbalization rates and infrequent interaction with peers, anxiety of a severe kind and depression (Rosenberg et al, 2007). The prevalence of this disorder in the US accounts for approximately 0.73%. African Americans are 1.7% more likely to suffer from it than Native Americans are. Sufferers are also more likely to come from poor, single parent households, more likely to be boys, and are more likely to change schools often (Rosenberg et al, 2007). These include service delivery, for example, individualization, support, and monitoring, early intervention that includes developing programs with developmental timing, program intensity, direct instruction

Globalisation and Sovereignty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Globalisation and Sovereignty - Essay Example International Relations theories apply to the concept of sovereignty and the threat implied by the globalization. Realism is one theory, which had been adopted by Bismarck and had been gaining fresh grounds in International Relationship of recent years, and has taken a new look after globalization. Even though the theory is based on international anarchy and how to control it, and how the States become the main actors in world politics, how the States, through self-helping system avoid conflicts, the main instruments of success remains the army and military might. Globalization does not agree with armed conflicts and as the world economy has global connections, if armed conflict happens in one place, rest of the world economy will be hit and so armed conflict will definitely be discouraged during globalization. But the economic might of globalization will definitely be encouraged and the States will compete and negotiate with their own interest in hearts. Founded by Thucidydes, encouraged by Michiavelli, Realism is accepted as one of the pragmatic theories of international relations. Liberalism, another important theory states that States and other international institutions are very important players in the International Relations and have to co-operate, bargain with one another and States are considered to be one player in the world politics and not many players like in Realism. Here states are not independent, but interdependent, and other key actors are the most important international organizations who have a clout all over the world. ... International Relations theories apply to the concept of sovereignty and the threat implied by the globalisation. Realism is one theory, which had been adopted by Bismarck and had been gaining fresh grounds in International Relationship of recent years, and has taken a new look after globalisation. Even though the theory is based on international anarchy and how to control it, and how the States become the main actors in world politics, how the States, through self helping system avoid conflicts, the main instruments of success remains the army and military might. Globalisation does not agree with armed conflicts and as the world economy has global connections, if armed conflict happens in one place, rest of the world economy will be hit and so armed conflict will definitely be discouraged during globalisation. But the economic might of globalisation will definitely be encouraged and the States will compete and negotiate with their own interest in hearts. Founded by Thucidydes, encouraged by Michiavelli, Realism is accepted as one of the pragmatic theories of international relations. Liberalism, another important theory states that States and other international institutions are very important players in the International Relations and have to co-operate, bargain with one another and States are considered to be one player in the world politics and not many players like in Realism. Here states are not independent, but interdependent, and other key actors are the most important international organisations who have a clout all over the world. This theory agrees with glabalisation and a certain loss of sovereignty in place of absolute freedom. The interdependence of the

Traditions of Islam Faith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Traditions of Islam Faith - Essay Example In this way, a wider perspective can be achieved on what makes Islam a successful religion globally. Islam possesses a rich historical background. With this, one article presented various views on the origins of Islam: â€Å"secular perspective, according to Muslim community itself, and based from previous scripts† (â€Å"Origin of Islam - Quranic,† n.d.). In accordance with secular history, it disclosed that Islam started along the 7th century. It was created in Saudi Arabia by Muhammad in 610 A.D.--when he supposedly experienced a heavenly vision. On the other hand, the Muslims’ version asserts that Islam already existed prior to Muhammad’s angelic visitation and that even though this particular â€Å"prophet† dictates the Quran (their version of Holy Scripture); the said book was created first. Based on the scriptures, â€Å"Quran was given by God through the angel Gabriel to the prophet Muhammad.† Hence, the prophet more or less served as an instrument in the realization of Islam as a holy faith. On scriptural perspectives, several quot es from the Bible confirmed Islam’s origins. On the Catholic’s Holy Bible, it stated that God promised Sarah a child, but because of the delay, Sarah offered Hagar (servant) the chance to lay with her husband—an act in hope of the servant conceiving. Ishmael was later born. In later part of the story, Sarah gave birth to the â€Å"promise child†--Isaac. Isaac was the ascendant of Jesus Christ while Ishmael was Muhammad’s forefathers† (â€Å"Origin of Islam - Quranic,† n.d.). In this sense, there is a valid affirmation of the religion as based on man’s written scripts. Part of Islam’s creation, then, is attributed to Muhammad. He â€Å"lived from 570 to 632 CE† (Robinson, 2007). Islam was first established in Mecca, while Muhammad was â€Å"meditating alone inside a cave in the hills above Mecca† (â€Å"Origin of Islam,† n.d.). After that incident, it was set

The detective genre Essay Example for Free

The detective genre Essay During the era of Queen Victoria, when flickering gas lamps lit the squalid streets casting an eerie shadow, a soon to be well known compilation of stories belonging to Detective genre were being published. They were the first of their kind, and were created by Arthur Conan Doyle. His stories became so well known, that soon after writing his stories, Arthur Conan Doyle was knighted by Queen Victoria herself. Doyles stories called The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, became legendary, as Doyle had created an original fictional pipe-smoking character, called Sherlock Holmes, whose job, it was to solve crimes. This was ironic at the time, due to the simple fact, an infamous murderer, Jack the Ripper, was loose on the streets of London, attacking women. He knifed and ruthlessly murdered many prostitutes. Unfortunately, the police could not catch him and their methods were seen as inefficient. Conversely, when Sherlock Holmes, surfaced in 1887 many of the Victorians fell for the fictional character, as he became the perfect detective, by cracking every case bought to him. Many believe that Sherlock Holmes was the answer to their problems as many Victorians held a deep resentment towards the police, as they did not appear to be protecting the public. The time in which Doyle published his creations was very important to his great success, as the nation was developing and many more people were soon become wealthier. Furthermore, the introduction of compulsory schooling in the 1870 meant that many people soon became literate which meant even more Victorians had a great chance to read Doyles work. Also, as for the developing middle class, they had much more leisure time and more time to read, at free libraries as they were being established in many towns and cities in Britain. This offered more reading material to entertain the Victorians. These factors help Doyles success, and so did the use of forensic science. As forensic science was only just developing, Sherlock Holmes was the first fictional detective to use methods of finger printing. This he uses on many occasions, but in The Beryl Coronet one of Doyles most famous stories, he visits the crime scene and collects a set of fingerprints off the window seal. This is ironic because the police officers, which have already investigated the crime, do not collect a set of fingerprints. Due to their lack of expertise, the police arrests Arthur Holder, ironically, their judgement is flow, and with the help of Sherlock Holmes, Arthur Holder is found to be innocent. Sherlock Holmes reassures the readers those crimes, can be solved and justice will be done. In effect this builds up the publics confidence in him. The Sherlock Holmes compilations are engaging to their audience as most of the stories include the main features necessary for detective fiction, which are: victims, suspects, villains, clues, red herrings and a detective. The detective has the most important role in the whole story, as it is him, who has to engage the readers to stay focused in the story line. In order for this to work the writer has to add mystery, confidence and intelligence to his character. Doyle in his creation of Sherlock Holmes uses his own medical knowledge and background to create such an extraordinary character like Holmes.

Continuing Male Dominance in Relationships :: Feminism Feminist Women Criticism

The issue of the supposed dominance of men over women in society has generated cemented opinions and heated controversy. Proponents of sexual equality point to the leveling of educational and vocational opportunities between the sexes as proof that women have become equals to men, such as the recent fad of working moms and stay-at-home dads. Moreover, they highlight the power and status of women in professional fields and government, such as former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and former Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. In addition, fans of female progress celebrate the successful establishment of women's sports leagues, such as the hyped WNBA, or Women's National Basketball Association, and the implementation of women's weightlifting in the Olympic Games on par with men. While advocates of women's power in society assert that the opportunity, status, and athletic parity available to women prove complete sexual equality, these arguments, while valid in some aspects, fail to analyze or take into account the balance of power in cross-sexual relationships. Although women may deserve and share equal roles with men in society, their accomplishments remain insubstantial because they have a right to the opportunities they take advantage of and the roles they occupy. Granted, as human beings women should possess the same rights that men do as a matter of fairness and justice. As a result, in society women deserve sexual equality. Nevertheless, justice or fairness of opportunity cannot govern the balance of power in relationships between men and women because these relationships are private and out of the reach of government, law, and probing society (except for celebrity unions decimated by The Inquirer). Therefore, progressive sexual equality has left these relationships untouched and undisturbed from their natural origins like technology has left the New Zealand aborigines unchanged. Thus, the presence of sexual equality represents a figurehead or inevitable truth given by men to women as part of a larger compromise that allows men to ret ain their superiority in relationships. Although society has reached an equilibrium concerning sexual differences, the scales of relationships between men and women tip themselves increasingly in the favor of men as they age. Starting from the days of childhood and adolescence, males begin to establish the upper hand in relationships with women. When a young group of neighborhood playmates converge, they never vote a girl as "captain" or "commander." In the movie The Little Rascals, for example, the young gang accepts the tough Spanky as their leader, not any of the girls.

Patriotism in the American Education System Essay

The debate regarding the education of our children has been going on since the institutionalization of education and will continue as long as we are a liberal democracy full of free thinking citizens. People will always have an opinion and we will, most likely, never be able to please every single person. William Galston and Robert Fullinwider are in full support of teaching a version of history that promotes patriotism and inspires those learning of it to feel a sense of pride and a duty to, in a sense, carry on the mission of the American heroes that have come before us and done great things in terms of the progress for our country. Harry Brighouse is quite different than Galston and Fullinwider in that he believes that by keeping the full truth, gruesome or not, from those that are being educated that we are doing a great disservice to them. I tend to side with Galston and Fullinwider with the feeling that our history needs to be taught in an inspiring sort of way. What benefit do we truly gain by teaching young Americans that yes, in fact, Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great American whose work during the Civil Rights Movement was essential to where we have progressed to as a society today, but he was also an adulterer and plagiarist? By revealing the holes in an American hero’s character we are diminishing his greatness and his impact on the people that have learned of his story years and years after he made such a monumental impact on our country and the progress to end segregation. The gain from sharing that knowledge is extremely minimal compared to the damage it does to the credibility of his work that he is truly known and greatly respected for. It is much simpler and much more productive to producing patriotic citizens if we leave certain, inconsequential parts of the story out. This doesn’t mean we lie to anyone, we simply tell the part of the story that generates the desired feelings of national pride and/or patriotism while instilling the necessary knowledge to generations that will move forward to produce similar greatness, or as Fullinwider puts it, â€Å"historical knowledge contributes to citizenship, and thus â€Å"nation-building,†Ã¢â‚¬  (Fullinwider, 1996, pg. 204). Harry Brighouse is of the belief that by shielding any tiny bit of the truth from children as we educate them we are doing a lot more harm than good to them. He argues that children should be exposed to the entire truth regardless of the negative light that may be revealed of anyone involved, â€Å"American hero† or otherwise. Brighouse feels that it is the responsibility of an educational system to expose kids to as much factual information as we can and allow them the freedom to choose what they will believe and what will inspire them both in the present and the future. Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. sides with Brighouse and establishes that argument that â€Å"writing or teaching history as a means of ‘defining national identity’ turns history ‘into a weapon’,† (Schlesinger, 1999, pg 37). Both Schlesinger and Brighouse would argue that history should never change, all the facts should be laid out on the table and nothing should be held back, because, if we make the decision to hold something out of curriculum, who makes that decision and what qualifies as unnecessary? Schlesinger and Brighouse’s argument centers on the main idea that educators do not have the right to manipulate history. Schlesinger goes in depth in his writings in The Disuniting of America that certain false views of history are wrong, but even dangerous for citizens to be exposed to. He claims that, â€Å"the proper account of our past strengthens the â€Å"common purpose† that holds us together. It reinvigorates the American Creed,† (Schlesinger, 1990, pg. 37). Galston and Fullinwider are on the other side of the argument, they believe that educators should teach history in such a way that instills national pride and creates informed, proud American citizens. Fullinwider calls this type of history â€Å"patriotic history.† He believes that this sort of education will inform, of course, but more importantly will establish a system of values that, in the end, will create citizens. Both Galston and Fullinwider argue for a type of history that they refer to as a â€Å"usable past.† A usable past is one that informs citizens and institutes a willingness to â€Å"make the sacrifices necessary to support and improve the nation’s political institutions,† (Fullinwider, 1996, pg. 207). Truth of the matter, like in the case of the exclusion of facts regarding Martin Luther King, Jr. unfavorable personal lifestyle during the telling of his involvement in the Civil Rights Movement, is that not all men who do great things are great men of high character. In some cases, inclusion of all the facts does nothing to diminish any greatness and may, in fact, create a greater sense of the ability for one single person to make a great impact regardless of any shortcomings they may have. On the other, if all the details are not necessary then why include them? Why would we make a hero less of a hero by revealing the unnecessary truth? Facts that bind the entire story together should never be omitted. Galston and Fullinwider believe in, and support, an education that promotes national pride. They are all for a patriot history, because we will then instill the idea and sense of responsibility in young Americans that they should carry the torch, so to speak, and continue to build upon the greatness that is America. Fullinwider concludes that the purpose of teaching a patriotic history â€Å"is to help students â€Å"develop a keen sense of ethics and citizenship,† so that they might â€Å"care deeply about the quality of life in their co mmunity, their nation, and their world,† (Fullinwider, 1996, pg. 222). In Patriotic History, Fullinwider argues against Schlesinger’s point for the â€Å"nothing left out† type of historical education, by saying the Schlesinger is intending to make history seem very precise and when that becomes the case we’re leaving it up to what truth the educator believes in. Fullinwider goes even further in his argument against Schlesinger’s writing by claiming that Schlesinger’s book The Disuniting of America is, in fact itself, purely history told for effect without the intention to simply inform, but rather to draw out and strengthen commitments to national unity (pg. 210). The presentation of history is storytelling and storytelling must come from a particular point of view. Historical education may never be 100% accurate because we’ll never truly know the intentions or finer details from all the angles or perspectives of each event. Somebody has to tell the story to present the history, but it will always come from a l imited point of view. It is the duty of the educational systems to determine which point of view the story should come from and this is where I agree more with Galston and Fullinwider; before we, as an educational system, decide what we want taught to our citizens, we need to decide what we hope listeners or those being educated should get out of the experience. Like Galston and Fullinwider, I think it is in the best interest for our country to try and promote patriotism and pride in being an American. The responsibility of shaping and molding upstanding, progressive citizens falls on the shoulders of our educational systems as well as public institutions and they both must come together to determine what is best for the development of our nation. Within that responsibility lays the decision of what aspects of history we will teach our young students. For me, it comes down to favoring civic education over philosophic education. I’d rather the goal of our educational programs be to pass along the knowledge necessary to create individuals that feel a loyalty and responsibility to do something great for their country, whether that be along the lines of being a great American hero like Martin Luther King, Jr. or simply by being a consistent, educated, responsible American citizen capable of supporting and functioning within our democracy. I disagree with the argument that by teaching a certain version of history we are limiting a child’s autonomy. We are not enforcing any beliefs or completely eliminating any bit of history, we are simply fostering an environment that will produce good and loyal citizens. Agreeing to tell a story (teaching history) a certain way does not mean we are telling people how to think; quite the opposite. We are inspiring greatness and allowing people to be free thinking and promoting the idea that anyone, common, uncommon and anywhere in between, can make a great impact that will last forever. The argument that exists between the Galston/Fullinwider side of teaching a patriotic history and the Brighouse/Schlesinger side of giving the whole â€Å"truth† regardless of degrading details just muddies the argument that we should really be having: What do we hope to get out of those that are being taught this history? When we look at that question we will be able to work together to find a solution. We could go on forever, just like this argument already has, debating what story to tell and from which perspective, but that, ultimately, gets us nowhere. Lets agree to teach from a perspective of â€Å"nation building† that Galston and Fullinwider promote and continue to develop as a country. Bibliography Fullinwider, R. (1996). Patriotic History. Cambridge University Press, pages 203-225. Galston, W. (1991). Civic Education in the Liberal State. Cambridge University Press, pages 470-478. Schlesinger, Jr., A. (1999). The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a Multicultural Society. W. W. Norton & Company, pages 12-37.

Dakota Office Products Case Essay

1 Dakota current allocates warehousing, distribution and order entry cost equally to each customer. DOP’s pricing system is generally independent of the specific level of service provided for customers. They just chose a single cost drive. However, it’s not believable and proper to use this simple method to analyze costs when costs are more complex. So we need to use activity-based cost system to chose different cost drives and allocate costs based on the activity. 2 We identify four different activities for all costs, order handling cost, ship carton cost or normal commercial shipment cost, desktop delivery cost, and order processing cost. As we noticed, the distribution center team reported 90% of their workers proceed carton in and out of facility. So, the total cost for order handling is $4,160,000, which is the sum of 90% of warehouse personnel expense and warehouse expenses (excluding personnel). This cost only depends on the number of cartons moved in and out of storage. So the total handling cost need to be allocated by the number of cartons processed in year 2000, which is 80,000 cartons. Then we get the overhead rate for handling cost that is $52.00 per carton. We only have the freight cost that is associated with normal shipment. We divide total cost $450,000 by the number of carton shipped only through normal shipment, which is 750,000 cartons. Then, we get the overhead rate for ship carton, which is $6.00 per carton. We also have desktop deliver option for customer. The total cost for 2000 delivers during 2012 is the sum of 10% of warehouse personnel expense and delivery truck expenses, which is $440,000. The overhead rate for desktop deliver is $220 per deliver. As order processing cost, we use weight average method, based on the hour used to divide this cost into three part, manual order limitation, line times manual order and EDI checks. We calculate total cost for manual order limitation $160,000 and it had 16,000 orders. So the overhead rate for manual order limitation is $10 per order. Total cost for line items is $600,000 and it had total 150,000 lines. The overhead rate for line item is $4 per line item. Total cost for EDI checks is 400,000 and it had 8,000 checks. The overhead rate for EDI check is $ 50 per order. 3 According to the Exhibit 3, we find the number of each activity provided to customers A and B during year 2000. We use these number multiplies each overhead rate to get overhead costs for each activity. For customer A, we have gross margin $18,000 and other costs including, order handing cost $10,400, ship carton cost $1,200, manual order cost $60, line items $240, and EDI orders cost $300. Customer A also has interest expense based on his average accounts receivable within 30 days, which is $9,000 and annual interest rate is 10%. Therefore, the interest expense for customer A is $75. We use gross margin $18,000 subtracts total other cost including interest expense $12,275 to get profit for customer A, which is $5,725. We use the same method to get gross margin for customer B is $19,000 and total other cost including interest expense is $19,020. So customer B loses $20. 4 Customer A use normal shipment and most of orders are EDI orders. These two could save more spend and is more profitable for the company. However, customer B have 25 desktop deliveries. This cost is about 6.47% of cost of items purchased. Also, customer B uses traditional manual order and manual line items order that cost more. Additionally, interest expense for customer B is also very higher because of his payments always after 90 days with a higher payment amount. Total other cost for customer B is 1.55 times of customer A. Therefore, customer A is more profitable and customer B loses $20. 5 and 6 The only limitation for customer A is manual order and line items. We suggest customer A use EDI orders instead of these two. It could save cost and make more profit. For customer B, the cost for desktop deliveries is very high and customer B use traditional manual order entry without EDI. It costs a lot for customer B. We recommend customer B decrease the desktop deliveries or increase the price for desktop deliveries to cover the cost. We also suggest customer B switch traditional manual order entry and line items to EDI orders. This technology would help save cost and be more profitable for custer A and B. 7 Under activity-based costing, we allocate all costs into different  activity. So, we could easily see the cost for each activity related to our cost of items purchased. We can figure out which activity is more costing and take control this cost to increase our profit. 8 If a major customer switches from placing all its orders manually to placing all its orders over the internet site, we will spend more workers’ hour on EDI checks. We use weight-average method to allocate order entry expenses into three activities, manual order, line items, and EDI checks. So, the expenses for manual order and line items could be decrease and expenses for EDI checks increases. We need to recalculate the overhead rate for both three activities. Additionally, the cost for EDI checks is more cheaper than the other two. So, if a major customer places all order over internet site, it would save cost and make more profit for company.